Small skin cut, early return to home and work, Less operative pain.Cases which are not amenable for endoscopic discectomy may need microlumbar discectomy.
Spinal fusion surgeries are now done using minimally invasive technique. This gives less post operative pain/ early discharge and early return to work. Damage to the muscles is least with Minimally invasive methods.
Cervical disc disease can be treated with with Anterior cervical disectomy and fusion or with cervical disc replacement or artificial disc replacement. Each have their own advantages and disadvantages.
These conditions needs Fusion surgery. Smae of small spondylolisthesis may be treated by Minimally invasive techniques and complex spondylolisthesis needs open reduction of the slip and fixations.
Some of the post traumatic spinal fractures and some of the osteoporotic spinal fractures of old age can be treated with Vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty. These are minimally invasive techniques done through a needle to give strength to the bones by injecting artificial cement into them.
One of the most common cause of back pain and pain and numbness in the legs in elderly patients. These condition can be treated by simple laminectomy or in some cases laminectomy and fusion.